Chemical Structure
phenformin structure
Drug Class
Biguanide antidiabetic agent (withdrawn)
Mechanisms of Action
Potent mitochondrial complex I inhibitor. Lowers ATP, AMP -> AMPK activation.
Inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis; reduces insulin resistance.
Shows selective toxicity in metabolically active tumor cells via ROS induction and metabolic stress.
Monograph
Chemical Name: 2-(Phenethylbiguanide)
Development: Introduced in the 1950s; withdrawn by 1978.
Exhibited strong antidiabetic effect, but linked to lactic acidosis (~1 in 4,000 incidence).
Lipophilic; accumulates in mitochondria; metabolized by CYP2D6.
Modern Interest: Being re-evaluated as an anti-cancer compound with high mitochondrial selectivity.
Represents a pharmacologically potent but clinically hazardous molecule. A high-risk, high-concept compound of enduring interest.

Full Monograph.
Synthesis batch initiated
1 g target
|Amount acquired for synthesis: 2 g
|Amount acquired for speculative holding: 0 mg
Note: These figures reflect total documented acquisitions. Updated manually
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